Mount Paektu in North Korea Earns UNESCO Global Geopark Recognition
Fundacion Rapala – Mount Paektu, a majestic stratovolcano on the border between North Korea and China, now holds the title of a UNESCO Global Geopark. This recognition marks a historic moment as it becomes North Korea’s first natural site to receive such global status. Known for its spiritual and geological importance, the mountain sits at the heart of North Korean national identity.
Mount Paektu: A Pillar of National Identity
North Koreans revere Mount Paektu as more than just a geographical feature. According to national legend, it served as the birthplace of Dangun, the mythical founder of Korea’s first kingdom. The Kim family has frequently invoked this symbolism to enhance their political legacy.
Kim Jong Il, father of current leader Kim Jong Un, was said to be born near the summit. Although scholars believe he was born in Russia, North Korean citizens embrace the tale without hesitation. Monuments, national emblems, and even military projects often carry the Paektu name.
Why UNESCO Recognized Mount Paektu
UNESCO awarded this designation for the mountain’s volcanic origins, glacial formations, and rare geological features. At its core lies Lake Chon, a crater lake formed over 1,000 years ago during one of the most powerful eruptions in recorded history.
Despite North Korea applying for recognition in 2019, site inspections faced delays due to the pandemic. China’s side of the mountain, known as Changbaishan, received its designation earlier in 2023.
Plans for Geotourism?
With UNESCO’s stamp of approval, North Korea may aim to promote Mount Paektu as a geotourism destination. The region blends natural wonders with deep cultural narratives. However, tight government control and limited access could hinder such ambitions.
In 2017, one of the few Western journalists allowed to climb from the North Korean side documented a journey through remote villages and heavily restricted paths. Locals showed sincere pride in their homeland, viewing the mountain as sacred.
Political Symbolism and the Paektu Bloodline
The ruling regime consistently links itself to Mount Paektu, claiming a noble “Paektu bloodline.” This ideology portrays the Kim family as heirs of ancient Korean royalty. For many North Koreans, visiting the mountain equates to a sacred pilgrimage.
In 2018, Kim Jong Un led South Korean President Moon Jae-in to the summit in a rare show of unity. The moment, captured with their spouses at the peak, symbolized hope for reconciliation.
A Mountain With Global and Cultural Weight
UNESCO now includes Mount Paektu among more than 200 Global Geoparks across 49 countries. These designations highlight areas of international geological importance managed through sustainable development, education, and preservation.
Whether this move fosters global cooperation or strengthens Pyongyang’s internal messaging remains unclear. Still, Mount Paektu continues to dominate not only the landscape but also the national consciousness of North Korea.